Digital transformation in higher education: challenges and opportunities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64092/rvvkw007Keywords:
Digital transformation, higher education, artificial intelligence, digital skills, virtual classrooms, digital divideAbstract
Digital transformation in higher education has become a highly relevant topic due to its impact on educational quality, accessibility, and preparing students for a highly technological work environment. However, this transition also faces significant challenges, such as the digital divide, resistance to institutional change, the need for teacher training in digital and pedagogical skills, and the ethical management of educational data. This study followed a qualitative methodology based on a systematic literature review, considering scientific literature published between 2019 and 2026, institutional reports, and case studies. The information collected was organized by thematic categories: technology adoption, impact on educational quality, hybrid methodologies, and development of digital skills, allowing for a critical analysis of patterns, trends, and best practices in different regional and global contexts. The results show that digital transformation enables more personalized, inclusive, and interactive learning experiences, optimizing institutional management and fostering pedagogical innovation. Hybrid models combined with active learning methodologies and the use of artificial intelligence strengthen student participation and critical thinking, although they require strategic planning and institutional support to overcome inequalities in access. The digitalization of higher education is a comprehensive process that combines technology, pedagogy, and leadership, with the potential to improve equity, efficiency, and educational sustainability, provided that coordinated strategies are implemented and digital skills are developed among all stakeholders in the system.
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