The impact of the pandemic on nurses' mental health: coping and resilience strategies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64092/b817je80Keywords:
Coping, COVID-19, nursing, psychological impact, pandemic, resilience, mental healthAbstract
This article analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of nursing professionals, as well as the coping and resilience strategies employed during and after the health crisis. An exhaustive review of specialized literature was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, considering studies published between 2020 and 2024, with emphasis on research from Latin America and Europe addressing variables such as anxiety, depression, burnout, psychological coping, and professional resilience. The findings reveal that nursing personnel faced highly demanding emotional and social environments characterized by work overload, constant exposure to patient deaths, social isolation, and limited institutional support. These circumstances led to a significant increase in emotional strain, insomnia, emotional fatigue, and professional burnout. Among the most common coping strategies identified were self-care, peer support, and group spaces for emotional containment. The study concludes that nurses’ mental health should be prioritized within health policies and that resilience can be strengthened through structured institutional actions and continuous emotional training.
Downloads
References
Ardila-Suárez, E. F., Estévez-Mendoza, H. J., Ríos-Arbeláez, M. C., & Ramírez-Llano, D. M. (2024). Autocuidado en profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia covid-19: una revisión integrativa. Aquichan, 24(2), e2427. https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2024.24.2.7
Cabedo, E., Prieto, J., Quiles, L., Arnáez, S., Rivas, M. R., Riveiro, Y., Aguilar, E. J., & Renovell, M. (2022). Factores asociados al impacto emocional de la pandemia por COVID-19 en profesionales sanitarios. Psicología Conductual = Behavioral Psychology: Revista Internacional de Psicología Clínica y de la Salud, 30(1), 69–91. https://www.imrpress.com/journal/BP/30/1/10.51668/bp.8322104s
Caldichoury, N., García-Roncallo, P., Saldías, C., Zurita, B., Castellanos, C., Herrera-Pino, J., Soto-Añari, M., Porto, M. F., Quispe-Rodríguez, I., Florez, Y., Castillo-Tamara, E., Díaz, M. C., Coronado-López, J., Gaitan-Quintero, G., Pabón-Moreno, A., Ocampo-Barba, N., Martínez-Pérez, J., Gargiulo, P. A., Quispe-Ayala, C., Camposano-Córdova, A., … López, N. (2023). Impacto psicológico del COVID-19 en los trabajadores sanitarios durante el segundo año de pandemia en Latinoamérica: estudio de encuesta transversal. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2023.04.010
Campodónico, N. (2022). El impacto del COVID-19 en el campo de la salud mental en América Latina y España: una revisión sistemática. Calidad De Vida Y Salud, 15(1), 53-79. https://revistacdvs.uflo.edu.ar/index.php/CdVUFLO/article/view/358
Casaux-Huertas, A., Ochando-García, A., & García-Luna, M. (2021). “Del miedo a la resiliencia”: Estudio fenomenológico sobre el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en cuidadoras de pacientes dependientes. Enfermería Clínica, 31(3), 250–257. https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2254-28842021000300250
Conde Sarango, A. M., & Rodríguez Díaz, J. L. (2023). Percepciones del cuidado espiritual de enfermería por pacientes recuperados por Covid-19. Una exploración fenomenológica. Revista Del Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, 15(4), 549–554. https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2022.154.1632
García Godos Peñaloza, C. S., & García Godos Peñaloza, L. M. (2023). La salud mental del trabajador de la salud por efecto de la pandemia en Latinoamérica. REVISTA VERITAS ET SCIENTIA - UPT, 12(01). https://doi.org/10.47796/ves.v12i01.781
Guerra-Ramírez, M., Rojas-Torres, I., & Tafur-Castillo, J. (2022). Significado del duelo frente al COVID en estudiantes y profesores de enfermería. Revista de Investigación en Enfermería, 19(3), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.22463/17949831.3375
Guerrero Castañeda, R. F., et al. (2020). El cuidado de sí y la espiritualidad en tiempos de contingencia por COVID-19. Cogitare Enfermagem, 25(8), e72827. https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v25i0.73518
López Galindo, A. (2021). Impacto psicológico de la COVID-19 en el personal sanitario de primera línea [Tesis de maestría, Universidad Miguel Hernández].
Merino Lozano, A. L., Valderrama Rios, O. G., Mamani Macedo, M. L., Vargas Pinedo, M. E., Ramírez García, E., & Cuba Sancho, J. M. (2024). Vivencias de enfermeras con COVID-19 aisladas en el entorno familiar. Revista Cubana De Enfermería, 40. Recuperado a partir de https://revenfermeria.sld.cu/index.php/enf/article/view/6169
Muñoz Ángel, Y. M., Verdugo Mejía, A. C., Rosas Camayo, D. F., & Vivas Gallego, V. D. (2022). Salud mental y COVID-19 en estudiantes de enfermería. Revista Cubana De Enfermería, 38(4). https://revenfermeria.sld.cu/index.php/enf/article/view/4921
Ortega Guevara, N. M., & Arteaga Yánez, Y. L. (2021). Comprendiendo la muerte por COVID-19 en las unidades de cuidado intensivo: una visión desde la enfermería. Identidad Bolivariana, 5(2), 167–180. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/8389041.pdf
Poblete-Troncoso, M., Guerra-Guerrero, V., & Cid-Henríquez, P. (2023). Experiencias de duelo del personal de salud durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Chile. Enfermería Clínica, 33(3), 97–105. https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1132-12962023000300005
Soto-Añari, M., Rivera-Fernández, C., Ramos-Vargas, L., Denegri-Solis, L., Herrera-Pino, J., Camargo, L., Castillo, E., Díaz, M., Gaitán-Quintero, G., Alonso, M., Cárdenas, O., Pabon-Moreno, A., Caldichoury, N., Ramos-Henderson, M., Florez, Y., Escorcia-Villarreal, J., Ripoll-Córdoba, D., Quispe-Ayala, C., Gargiulo, P. A., Porto, M. F., … López, N. (2022). Prevalencia y factores asociados con las quejas cognitivas subjetivas del personal sanitario latinoamericano durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.008
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Neris Marina Ortega-Guevara, Yanetzi Loimig Arteaga-Yánez (Autor/a)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in Sophia Research Review (SRR), agree to the following terms:
1. Copyright
Authors retain unrestricted copyright to their work. Authors grant the journal the right of first publication. To this end, they assign the journal non-exclusive exploitation rights (reproduction, distribution, public communication, and transformation). Authors may enter into additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal, provided that acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal is given.
© The authors.
2. License
The articles are published in the journal under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). The terms can be found at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en
This license allows:
- Sharing: Copying and redistributing the material in any medium or format.
- Adapting: Remixing, transforming, and building upon the material.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if any changes were made. You may do this in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses or sponsors your use.
- NonCommercial: You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- ShareAlike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your creation under the same license as the original work.
There are no additional restrictions. You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
